1. Security Roles, Controls, and Threat Intelligence

• Compare security roles and responsibilities across IT and cybersecurity teams.

• Differentiate between preventive, detective, and corrective security controls.

• Identify threat actors, attack vectors, and cyber threat intelligence sources.

• Understand security frameworks and compliance requirements that guide cybersecurity best practices.

2. Security Assessments & Threat Mitigation

• Conduct risk assessments and vulnerability scans to identify security gaps.

• Recognize social engineering attacks, phishing tactics, and malware threats.

• Explain cryptographic principles, including encryption, hashing, and digital signatures.

• Implement cryptographic techniques to secure data and communications.

3. Implementing Authentication & Identity Management

• Deploy authentication methods, including passwords, multifactor authentication (MFA), and biometrics.

• Manage identity and access controls to enforce least privilege and role-based access.

• Implement Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for certificate-based security.

4. Securing Network Architecture & Infrastructure

• Design and implement secure network architectures (DMZ, segmentation, zero trust).

• Configure and deploy network security appliances such as firewalls, IDS/IPS, and VPNs.

• Use secure network protocols (TLS, SSH, IPsec) to protect data in transit.

• Implement wireless security best practices, including encryption and access controls.

5. Endpoint, Mobile, and Cloud Security

• Deploy endpoint security solutions, including anti-malware, host-based firewalls, and patch management.

• Implement secure mobile device management (MDM) policies for BYOD environments.

• Apply secure coding practices to prevent software vulnerabilities and exploits.

• Configure cloud security controls to protect virtualized environments and cloud workloads.

6. Data Protection & Privacy

• Explain data classification, storage, and encryption methods to safeguard sensitive information.

• Implement data loss prevention (DLP) strategies to prevent unauthorized access and exfiltration.

• Understand privacy laws and compliance requirements such as GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI-DSS.

7. Incident Response & Digital Forensics

• Develop an incident response plan, including identification, containment, eradication, and recovery.

• Utilize forensic tools and techniques to analyze security breaches and collect digital evidence.

• Follow legal and regulatory considerations for handling security incidents and investigations.

8. Risk Management & Cyber Resilience

• Apply risk management concepts such as risk assessment, mitigation, and acceptance.

• Implement business continuity and disaster recovery strategies to maintain cyber resilience.

• Strengthen system and network defenses against evolving threats through proactive security measures.

9. Physical Security & Access Controls

• Understand physical security controls such as surveillance, access badges, and secure facilities.

• Implement hardware security solutions, including secure boot and hardware encryption.

• Apply personnel security best practices, such as security awareness training and insider threat mitigation.